If the Japanese yen appreciates against the U.S. dollar, 
A. Japanese consumers lose by an increase in the yen price of U.S. exports to Japan. 
B. Japanese consumers gain by a decrease in the yen price of U.S. exports to Japan. 
C. Japanese businesses gain by a decrease in the dollar price of exports to the United States. 
D. U.S. consumers gain by a decrease in the dollar price of Japanese exports to the United States.