Answer:
Step-by-step explanation:
1). 4a² + 4a + 1
= (2a)² + 2(2a) + 1² [Since x² + y² + 2xy = (x + y)(x + y)]
= (2a + 1)²
= (2a + 1)(2a + 1)
2). 4a² - 4a + 1
= (2a)² - 2(2a) + 1² [ Since x² - 2xy + y² = (x - y)²]
= (2a - 1)(2a - 1)
3). 4 - 4a + a²
= a² - 4a + 4 [ since x² - 2x + y² = (x - y)²]
= (a - 2)²
= (a - 2)(a - 2) ≈ (2 - a)(2 - a)
4). 4 + 4a + a² [Since x² + y² + 2xy = (x + y)(x + y)]
= (a + 2)²
= (a + 2)(a +2)
